A Backup is a copy of a database or part of a database that can be used to reconstruct data during disasters or database refresh tasks. Backups can be physical backups or logical backups.
Physical Backups
Data Files, control files, and archived redo log files are physical files. These files are used to store and recover a database. Physical backups should be stored in different locations apart from the source location, such as external disks or tapes. Backup tools from several vendors support this process, but Oracle recommends using their native RMAN tool to back up and recover the data.
Logical Backups
Logical backups comprise metadata such as tables, stored procedures, and others. Oracle recommends using their native utility, the Oracle data pump to export logical data from the source and import it into the target. Data pup command line clients such as expdp and impdp use the DBMS_DATAPUMP and DBMS_METADATA PL/SQL packages.
More information on expdp can be found here: https://lnkd.in/gvsxx-Wa , https://lnkd.in/g7f6D6wP
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